ABSTRACT
Scarcity of resources and pollution of existing water resources are major problems faced nowadays. Anthropogenic activities and climate change have deteriorated the quality and quantity of available water. Population growth also signicantly increased the demand for water. There is a severe water crisis in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia. According to a United Nations Children’s Fund/World Health Organization report, 2012, only 63% of the world population has improved sanitation facilities and 89% of the people have access to improved drinking water resources. India also faces water scarcity. Most of the people in India lack access to treated drinking water. The problem is severe since >700 million people reside in rural areas. It is estimated that around 40 million people are affected by waterborne diseases annually.
