Deformation of concrete subject to freeze-thaw cycles combined with chloride salt solution

Portland cement (P.I 42.5) with the specific surface area of 343 m2/kg and river sand with the fineness modulus of 2.6 was used. The water/cement ratio of 0.65 was used to highlight the freeze/thaw attack to maximize the deformation that the sensor can monitor. No water reducer and air en-training was used. Prismatic concrete specimens with the dimension of 100 mm × 100 mm × 400 mm were prepared. Strain variation at the center of the specimens was measured by the strain gauge, and recorded by the computer.